Hills Like White Elephants Theme Essay - 923 Words

Past, Present, and Future The story, â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†, written by Ernest Hemingway, tells a dialogue story of a woman named Jig and the American man who is waiting at the train station for their ride to Madrid. Jig and the American man are having a casual conversation about the scenery that the nearby hills look like white elephants. Then, there conversation turns serious as they talk about their relationship and their future unborn child. In Ernest Hemingway’s story, the characters’ conversation is important because it represents the lifestyle of a carefree life of an adult, the decision of their actions, and their unplan future of the unborn child. The American man trying to convince Jig to have a â€Å"’simple operation†¦that†¦show more content†¦One decision can last forever and never be retain again. Jig wants to have an open honest conversation with the American man but it seems like Jig knows that no matter what she says he will try to find the good and bad in every statement that Jig says. â€Å"Perfectly simple† is restated a couple of times in the conversation which tells that out of the two only one wants the child and the other does not want the child (Hemingway). The American man thoughts are not more important that Jig’s. Even if the American man is supporting her to get an abortion it’s still Jig’s decision. His opinion does matter to her because she wants his thoughts about what’s best for them and their unborn child. Jig is torn between remaining reckless and carefree and making a family with the man she loves. â€Å"’Because I don’t care about me’† states that she is willing to do almost anything for the American man but is blocked by her motherly instinct to protect her child (Hemingway). Jig is indecisive in what she wants because she questions herself and the American man what if questions. â€Å"’I realizeâ₠¬ ¦can’t we maybe stop talking’† this tells us Jig finally realizes that by asking a lot of rhetorical questions to the American man she has the answer she knows even if its’s not the answer that she wants (Hemingway). The American and Jig had no plans of settling down which indicates they were both not planning a future. â€Å"’He did not say anything but looked at the bagsShow MoreRelatedHills Like White Elephants Theme Essay902 Words   |  4 PagesPast, Present, and Future In the story, â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† written by Ernest Hemingway tells a dialogue story of a woman named Jig and the American man who is waiting at the train station for their ride to Madrid. Jig and the American man are having a casual conversation about the scenery that the nearby hills look like white elephants. Then, there conversation turns serious as they talk about their relationship and their future unborn child. In Ernest Hemingway’s story the character’sRead MoreHills Like White Elephants, a Theme Analysis Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesHemmingway uses time, place, and symbolism in Hills like White Elephants to intensify the central dilemma in a story about a man and a woman deciding on whether to go through with an abortion. Although a literal reading of the title may not seem to have any relation to the story, the title is rich in implications. Critics suggest that Hills refers to the shape of a womans stomach when pregnant, and Websters 21st Century Dictionary defines white elephant as: [An] awkward, useless possession. Read MoreEssay on Dependence to Independence in Hills Like White Elephants862 Words   |  4 PagesDependence to Independence in Hills Like White Elephants  Ã‚   In Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† the lives of Jig and the American, the main characters, are put on display for a brief period of time.   Jig and the man have had a romantic relationship for quite some time, and now their future together is in jeopardy.   The impregnation of Jig has caused the American to pressure her into getting an abortion.   We find these two individuals in the Valley of the Ebro.   Traveling fromRead MoreSummary Of Hills Like White Elephants 909 Words   |  4 PagesBrooke Skairus Mrs. May English October 19, 2015 Essay Responses to Short Stories Discuss possible symbolic representations in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†? In the story â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† the white elephant symbolizes a negative thing. No person would want anything to do with this. For example, the girl’s unborn child. In the beginning of the story the girl made a comment, and she said that the surrounding hills resemble white elephants. You may think the comment wasn’t unusual, butRead More Hemingways Personal Life and its Influence on his Short Story, Hills Like White Elephants1409 Words   |  6 PagesHemingways Personal Life and its Influence on his Short Story Hills Like White Elephants Hills like White Elephants is not the normal story where you have a beginning, middle and end. Hemingway gave just enough information so that readers could draw their own conclusions. The entire story encompasses a conversation between two lovers and leaves the reader with more questions than answers. Ernest Hemingway was a brilliant writer. People that study Hemingways works try to gain insight andRead MoreTheme Of Good Country People1126 Words   |  5 PagesThe purpose of this essay is to correlate the theme of three different stories that had been read. I decided to choose the stories â€Å"Good Country People†, â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†, and â€Å"The Storm.† I believe that the theme across these stories is to beware of the wolf in sheep clothing. In these stories, there was an antagonist that posed as a protagonist who even though their intentions may have looked well skin deep, the underlying intentions against the main character were not of good intentRead MoreMoving to the Girl’s Side of â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†1697 Words   |  7 PagesMoving to the Girl’s Side of â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† In the article, â€Å"Moving to the Girl’s Side of ‘Hills Like White Elephants†, Stanley Renner carefully analyzes the movements of the female character and argues the different view from the general conclusion while still pondering on the open-end question the writer, Ernest Hemmingway, has left with the readers. Renner is left unsatisfied with the unresolved ending of the story. Although the majority of critics conclude that the girl will haveRead More Communicating Conflict in Ernest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants 1262 Words   |  6 Pages   Ã‚   Ernest Hemingways short story Hills Like White Elephants touches on an issue as ageless as time: communication problems in a relationship. He tells his story through conversations between the two main characters, the American and the girl. Conflict is created through dialogue as these characters face what most readers believe to be the obstacle of an unexpected pregnancy. Their plight is further complicated by their inability to convey their differing opinions to each other. Symbolism andRead MoreEssay on Hemingways Minimalism in Hills Like White Elephants1455 Words   |  6 PagesHemingway’s Minimalism in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† In this essay we will look at Earnest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† as an example of his use of the minimalist technique, what that technique is, and what its overall effect has on the reader. What is minimalism and how did Hemingway use this technique in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†? The primary effect of Minimalism in modern prose is to place the control of the work back onto the reader. That is to say, the reader is forcedRead MoreAn Exploration of British Injustice in Shooting an Elephant by George Orwell1612 Words   |  7 Pages. By the type of language and the choice of words that the author used to write his essay, it is very likely that it was written for the British people, to make them aware of the injustice and cruelty of Imperialism in the colonies. The author’s aim is to make the reader feel disturbed and uneasy by describing in detail his negative experiences in India. This rhetorical analysis explores the success of the author in portraying the negative impact that Imperialism had on those being governed under

Essay on Outline for Organ Donation Speech - 1009 Words

Student Name: ashley singer Speech Type: Persuasive Organ Donation Organization Type: Comparative Advantages Pattern Attention Getter Type: Story, Quotation, or Poem Conclusion Type: Summary Goal/Purpose persuade my audience to give the gift of life and become organ donors. Introduction I. I have always decided i wanted to dedicate my organs to others once i have oassed but it was not until January of this year i learned the true value behind organ donation. II. Last January my brother was pronounced brain dead after slipping into a coma, he was a organ donor and i got to experience first hand the lives that were saved through his generosity. III. According to the U.S Department of Health and Human Services every 10 mintues†¦show more content†¦The process of organ donation and transplantation: Saving Lives A. most donors are victims of severe head trauma, a brain anerurysm or stroke, once the medical team has exhausted all possible lifesaving efforts and the patient no longer responds doctors test for brain death. 1. OPO: Organ Procurement Organization: Contacted by hospital staff with information on the deceased to confirm his or her potential to donate 2. Matching Donors Recipients: the OPO contacts the OPTN (Organ procurement and transplantation netwo rk) to begin the search for matching recipients. a computer program matches donor organs with recipients based upon charactoristics: blood type, tissue type, height and weight 3. Maintaining the Donor: donor is maintained on artificial support and the condition of each organ is monitored by medical staff 4. Recovering and Transporting Organs: the OPO arranges the arrival departure times of the transplant surgical team. donor is taken to OR where organs and tissues are recovered. Time is of the essence here, organs must get to their new homes very quickly. 5.Show MoreRelatedPersuasive Outline-Organ Donation886 Words   |  4 PagesPERSUASIVE SPEECH OUTLINE – ORGAN DONATION Topic:  Organ donation Thesis Statement:  Becoming an organ donor after death is not only an important decision for yourself, but it is also an important decision for the life that you may have the power to save. Purpose:  To persuade my audience to consider becoming organ donors after death    Introduction: 1. Organ donation is a selfless way to give back to others, and to be able to make a huge difference by giving another person a second chanceRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline Essay examples942 Words   |  4 PagesPersuasive Speech Outline Topic: Organ Donation General Purpose: To persuade Specific Purpose: After listening to my speech my audience will consider donating their organs and tissues after death and to act upon their decision to donate. Central Idea: The need is constantly growing for organ donors and it is very simple to be an organ donor when you no longer need your organs. Introduction: How do you feel when you’re waiting for something you really really want? Or what if it’s not evenRead MorePersuasive Speech Essay1278 Words   |  6 PagesJoseph Froehle Public Speaking Class Persuasive Speech Outline Topic:  Organ Donation Specific Purpose:  To persuade my audience to donate their organs and tissues when they die and to act upon their decision to donate. Thesis Statement:  The need is constantly growing for organ donors and it is very simple to be an organ donor when you die. I.   INTRODUCTION A.   Attention material/Credibility Material: How do you feel when you have to wait for something you really, really want? What if it wasRead MorePersuasive Speech1153 Words   |  5 PagesPERSUASIVE SPEECH OUTLINE Topic: Organ Donation Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience to donate their organs and tissues when they die and to act upon their decision to donate. INTODUCTION Attention: How do you feel when you have to wait for something you really, really want? What if it was something you couldn’t live without? Ladies and gentlemen I’m here today to share with you my views on organ donation, in the hope that you will take them on board and give someone the ultimateRead MoreInformation Processing Theory2744 Words   |  11 PagesEntertaining Speech An entertaining speech is one whose sole purpose is to have the audience enjoy the presentation. The purpose of an entertaining speech is not to educate, inform or inspire †¦ it is to make the audience smile, relax, enjoy and maybe even laugh their heads off. How do you make a speech entertaining? There are many ways to entertain an audience. You can: * tell jokes * tell funny stories * dramatize an anecdote * tell a scary story When it comes right down toRead MoreArgumentative Speech Outline : Legalization Of Euthanasia1379 Words   |  6 PagesArgumentative Speech Outline: Legalization of Euthanasia Lexie Phongthai-Yochum Topic: Legalizing Euthanasia General Purpose: To argue Specific Purpose: To argue that euthanasia should be made available for terminal patients to end their suffering. Thesis Statement: Euthanasia should be made legal for terminal patients to end their suffering because 1) people should have the right to choose, 2) it helps save lives through organ donation, and 3) it can be regulated. Introduction According toRead MoreHow Does Blood Donors Help The Mankind?1682 Words   |  7 PagesStasis you are working with: Action Thesis-: I will like to show how blood donors are in a desperate need and encourage you to take an immediate action to help the mankind because it can save the life of your loved and beloved ones. SECTION ONE OUTLINE: Monroe’s Motivated Sequence STEP 1. Attention I. Introduction STEP 2. Need II. A look at the overwhelming need for blood donors. A. The issue of people not participating to donate blood which causes lack of blood for medical treatment of patientsRead MoreBlood Donation767 Words   |  4 PagesInformational Speech Outline Topic: Blood Donation Specific Purpose: To inform the audience about donating blood.    INTRODUCTION   Attention Getter – Do you know how you can save someone’s life? You don’t have to be a superhero with special powers. All you need is yourself and the nearest blood bank.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Topic  -  Today I’m going to talk to you guys about donating blood.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ethos amp; Audience Adaptation – The reason I chose this topic is because I am a blood donator. I go in aboutRead MoreHuman Organs Should Be Banned2265 Words   |  10 PagesWhy wait your life in anticipation for a human organ when you could purchase the right match and start living your life? Day in and day out people around the world pass away before they can even have the chance to live. Usually the waiting list exceeds the amount of organs available. Nevertheless, the sales of human organs should be legalized in the hopes that people have a chance to live. Organ sale—for example, allowing or encouraging consenting adults to become living kidney donors in returnRead MoreNative American Alaska Native Cultural Project5977 Words   |  24 PagesCultural Project: Native Americans and Alaska Natives Introduction The outline and presentation for this assignment generally follows the presentations from Giger’s (2009) Application of Assessment and Intervention Techniques to Specific Cultural Groups. There are over 500 Federally Recognized tribes in the U.S., plus some additional tribes recognized by states, plus unknown number of smaller unrecognized tribes. Many are also divided into clans and loosely categorized into major groups.

Effective Supply Chain Planning and Control Issues

Question: Discuss about the Effective Supply Chain Planning and Control Issues. Answer: Introduction Supply Chain Planning is a plan by the help of which an organization is able to select their business partners or stakeholders, select a suitable location, and identify the workload capacity of their employees and to determine specific transportation mode for delivering their products to the different retail outlets through supply chain process. It is a strategy, by the help of which an organization is able to manage the demand and supply of their services and products and also maintain a balance between them. For this purpose, there are several software tools. The supply chain planning is done depending on several aspects of the entire supply chain process of that particular organization. At the time of making supply chain planning, the organization utilizes the tools for sales, production, and inventory. By the help of supply chain planning, the organizational owners are able to make a network and connect with their business partners and the stakeholders of that organization throug h a single chain. In this research study, the researchers identify and analyze the supply chain planning and control issues of Sheng Siong Company. Sheng Siong is a supermarket retailing chain who supplies fresh food and grocery item throughout the Singapore. It is one of the largest retailers in Singapore. Sheng Siong Group Ltd is actually an investment holding company in Singapore. Supermarket supply chain operation is their subsidiary business. The company mainly operates their business under the provision of segments of supermarket operation and supermarket supplies. They operate their grocery chain through more than 34 numbers of retail stores throughout Singapore. The suppliers of this company are also certified under Hazard and Critical Control Point (HACCP) for supplying fresh seafood, fish, meat, vegetables and dairy products. Their main mission is to supply quality products at a reasonable price which create value in front of their customers. Discussion According to (Bozarth and Handfield, 2015), Introduction to Operations and Supply Chain Management is an inclusive and incorporated topic about the introduction of operations and supply chain management. In a chapter of Fourth Edition of Introduction to Operations and Supply Chain Management, the author gives a clear explanation of the techniques and those analytical tools which are utilized for making any supply chain planning for that particular organization. The researchers of this research study keep their entire focus to identify and analyze the supply chain planning and control issues of the Sheng Siong Company. The Sheng Siong Company deals a business which is related to the retail of food items and grocery items within the supermarket segment in Singapore. The Sheng Siong Company is the third largest grocery chain in Singapore. They supply dry and wet both types of food items to their consumers (Fernie Sparks, 2014). They deal with more than 400 different types of products through 33 numbers of retail outlets all over the Singapore. By the help of an effective supply chain planning, the Sheng Siong Company is able to build a strong brand image and hold the Superbrand' status for the last 5 years. The business owner of the Sheng Siong Company makes an effective and efficient supply chain planning for expanding their business and to provide quality service to their consumers. By the help of an effective supply chain planning, the Sheng Siong Company is able to establish a supplier network which is consist of over 1000 number of suppliers and also maintain a strong relationship with them. The Sheng Siong always tries to supply quality products to their consumers at a competitive price. The main strategic issue of the Sheng Siong Company is potential growth rate is low. For this reason saturation of the target market takes place which also influences the competitors within the market. At the time of making supply chain planning, they are not able to expand their business because most of the places or regions have already covered by the organization (Dyckhoff et al., 2013). There also have tough competition within the industry of supermarket. Their main competitors are FairPrice, Cold Storage, Prime, and Giant. The researchers found that in the recent days the market share of the Sheng Siong Company is get decreased than NTUC FairPrice Company. The supply chain planning of the Sheng Siong Company is also get influenced by the rate of increase of labor cost. Nearly 31% of the employees in the Sheng Siong Company are foreigners. To maintain the sustainability of the business of the Sheng Siong Company, the business owner should expand their share through e-commerce (Dekker et al., 2013). They should establish several numbers of malls and supermarkets and also provide a good public transportation system that they can able to reach their outlets easily. However, the shopping through online websites cannot able to provide the facility of touch and feel. The Company also needs to overcome the concern of their consumers about the quality of their grocery products and the spoilage occurs at the time of delivery. The people who have low-middle income do not prefer online shopping (atay et al., 2014). Most of the times the consumers visit the retail outlets, supermarkets, and the malls to purchase food items and grocery items. However, this has a negative impact on the online shopping and has a positive impact on the retail outlets. They also learn several techniques from their competitors. The Sheng Siong Company a lso expands their home delivery facility to maintain the sustainability of their supply chain. There is an excellent benefit for the online shoppers that they have to pay a low rate of labor cost and rent cost of their products (Heizer et al., 2016). The Sheng Siong Company should think about the expanding of their business outside Singapore that is throughout the Malaysia. By expanding their business the Sheng Siong Company is able to maintain the sustainability within their supply chain process. Most of the employees and suppliers of the Sheng Siong Company is Malaysian. For this reason, they are familiar with the local language and culture, which helps them to get more success and more sustainability (Ivanov Sokolov, 2013). The Sheng Siong Company also implements several innovative techniques into their supply chain process to provide best quality service and products to their customers. By the help of an effective supply chain planning, the Sheng Siong Company is able to establ ish a supplier network (Ivanov et al., 2012). By considering those factors the Sheng Siong Company is able to make an effective and efficient supply chain planning which provide a sustainable growth to the organization in future within the industry of supermarket. Analysis There are certain issues related to the supply chain management activities of Sheng Siong, which is one of the fastest growing supermarket chains throughout Singapore. The business strategy adopted by the firm is to maximize the profits with improved services and product quality (Jacobs and Chase, 2013). The business practices along with the supply management activities of the firm need to be improved to a large extent. The primary issues found in the supply chain management systems are of the delivering of the products with great quality without damaging it in moving from one place to another. The distribution network and the supply of the products should with great ease as it helps in keeping the products safe while reaching to the respective customers (Kenne et al., 2012). The firm has successfully created its brand reputation throughout the concerned market areas of Singapore. It has become more important for the firm to reduce the issues coming between the delivering of the good quality of products to all its customers. A few of the safety issues regarding the movement of the products significantly affects the execution of the business procedures. The pressure on the manufacturers has increased as to make the products more reliable so that they do not get hampered or damaged while traveling (Monczka et al., 2015). This has become a challenge for the entire firm along with the manufacturers to enhance the effectiveness of the supply chain management systems with the improvement in the reliability and quality of the products concerned. It has been seen that the rise in the complaints from the customers of Sheng Siong critically affects the brand image of the firm and thus, the safety management practices are of more important for the maintaining the quality of the products. Moreover, the customer management strategies needed to be improved as it helps in enhancing the satisfaction level of the customers (Pahl and Vo, 2014). There are some other issues relate d to the supply management systems, such as the slower delivery rate, delay in the delivery and the return cases due to bad handling of the respective products. Moreover, the slower rate of delivery lowers down the satisfaction level of the customers of Sheng Siong and this is one of the major issues that can hamper the business processes on a large scale. The product's safety is one of the major concerns for the supply management team and the distribution network should be of top quality. The return cases are other issues that have eventually affected the business processes of Sheng Siong to some extent. There are some of the customers who critically return the products due to irregular handling and shipping of the products as this sometimes damage the products (Ross, 2015). On the other hand, irregular communication between the team members, employees, and the customers affects the execution of the supply chain management activities. There requires the use of the single database e which can record and produce data automatically in order to enhance the effectiveness of the supply chain management processes to a large extent (Rushton et al., 2014). The lack of the skills and the knowledge of the employees regarding the handling and the safety of the products while delivering it to the customers affect the quality of the products and th is have affected the business practices of Sheng Siong to a large extent. As per the increase in the number of the supermarkets, the cases of the returning of the products have increased due to irregular handling of the products. Sheng Siong needs to understand the quality check methods and the importance of the safety management practices as to improve the overall work processes of the entire firm concerned (Schnsleben, 2016). Moreover, the increase in the cost prices or the extra expense of the shipping of the products to the different customers lowers down the overall profits but the primary aim of Sheng Siong is to maximize the profits. Therefore, there needs to be effective implementation of the strategies as to reduce the overall extra costs, which will enhance the effectiveness of the entire business processes. Recommendation The improvements need to be made in the supply chain management system of Sheng Siong as there are some of the critical issues which can be rectified using the desired effective strategies. The employees are considered to be the vital assets for any of the firms and therefore they must be provided with desired training in order to assist the customers as well as to maintain the effectiveness of the product handling (Slack et al., 2013). It has been evaluated that many of the issues arose because of the irregular handling of the products and thus, the products offered to the customers needs to be managed properly as it enhances the overall satisfaction of the customers. The return cases have significantly increased the issues regarding the quality of the products. The firm needs to implement effective strategies in order to reduce the extra costs that occur due to returning of the products from the customers (Stadtler, 2015). It has been analyzed that the reason for the returning of t he products is due to the damaging of the quality of the products and therefore, the handling and the delivery of the products offered by Sheng Siong needs to be enhanced to the top most level. These measures will help in increasing the efficiency and the effectiveness of the business processes to a great extent (Tayur et al., 2012). Moreover, there needs to be the formation of the four to five members of the team which will help in monitoring the desired quality of the goods delivered to the customers as this will help in lowering down the extra expenses to some extent. Furthermore, the employees need to be fully trained regarding the carrying and the handling of the products to the customers as this will increase the profits of the firm to a great extent. The database management system is one of the major areas that need to be looked upon as this helps in managing the effectiveness and efficiency of the entire work processes. Implementation of the latest innovative techniques along with the innovative tools will help in increasing the effectiveness of the entire supply management system (Yinan et al., 2014). This will help in checking the products with desired quality, moreover, the packaging of the products is one of the most significant areas that needs to be of great quality s this will help in keeping the products safe. The safety of the products delivered to the customers will increase the reliability and durability of the products as well as it will enhance the satisfaction level of the clients regarding the products delivered by the firm (Jo hnson, 2014). The product management and supply chain management strategies needed to be enhanced with great effectiveness as this will help in maximizing the desired profits of the organization throughout the concerned competitive market segments. The distribution system and the network connectivity need to be improved as this will help in the faster delivery of the products to the wide area of the customers. On the other hand, the managing of the desired metrics is a vital point which should be analyzed and improved properly. The different IT solutions provide a vast number of the facilities to enhance the effectiveness of the database management system and this can be used strongly to improve the overall execution of the business processes concerned. Thus, the management team of Sheng Siong needs to implement desired strategies in order to reduce the extra expenses and the damaging of the product quality before giving the products to the customers. the delivery of the top quality of the products with faster services will increase the number of the customers towards the firm. Conclusion In this research paper, the supply chain planning of the Sheng Siong Company has been reflected with the help of different supply chin concepts. The researchers also give an explanation about how the Sheng Siong Company should control the issues related to the supply chain planning and maintain the sustainability of their business process. The customer management strategies needed to be improved as it helps in enhancing the satisfaction level of the customers. The firm needs to implement effective strategies in order to reduce the extra costs that occur due to returning of the products from the customers. References Bozarth, C. and Handfield, R. (2015).Introduction to Operations and Supply Chain Management with MyOMLab, Global Edition, 4/E. [online] Available at: https://catalogue.pearsoned.co.uk/educator/product/Introduction-to-Operations-and-Supply-Chain-Management-with-MyOMLab-Global-Edition/9781292093543.page [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. atay, B., Chiong, R., Cordn, O. and Siarry, P., 2014. Computational Intelligence in Production and Logistics Systems: Solving Vehicle Routing, Supply Chain Network, and Air-Traffic Trajectory Planning Problems.IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine,4(9), pp.16-17. Dekker, R., Fleischmann, M., Inderfurth, K. and van Wassenhove, L.N. eds., 2013.Reverse logistics: quantitative models for closed-loop supply chains. Springer Science Business Media. Dyckhoff, H., Lackes, R. and Reese, J. eds., 2013.Supply chain management and reverse logistics. Springer Science Business Media. Fernie, J. and Sparks, L., 2014.Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Heizer, J., Render, B. and Munson, C., 2016.Principles of operations management: sustainability and supply chain management. Pearson Higher Ed. Ivanov, D. and Sokolov, B., 2013. Control and system-theoretic identification of the supply chain dynamics domain for planning, analysis and adaptation of performance under uncertainty.European Journal of Operational Research,224(2), pp.313-323. Ivanov, D., Dolgui, A. and Sokolov, B., 2012. Applicability of optimal control theory to adaptive supply chain planning and scheduling.Annual Reviews in Control,36(1), pp.73-84. Jacobs, R. and Chase, R., 2013.Operations and supply chain management. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Johnson, P.F., 2014.Purchasing and supply management. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Kenne, J.P., Dejax, P. and Gharbi, A., 2012. Production planning of a hybrid manufacturingremanufacturing system under uncertainty within a closed-loop supply chain.International Journal of Production Economics,135(1), pp.81-93. Monczka, R.M., Handfield, R.B., Giunipero, L.C. and Patterson, J.L., 2015.Purchasing and supply chain management. Cengage Learning. Pahl, J. and Vo, S., 2014. Integrating deterioration and lifetime constraints in production and supply chain planning: a survey.European Journal of Operational Research,238(3), pp.654-674. Ross, D.F., 2015.Distribution Planning and control: managing in the era of supply chain management. Springer. Rushton, A., Croucher, P. and Baker, P., 2014.The handbook of logistics and distribution management: Understanding the supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Schnsleben, P., 2016.Integral logistics management: Operations and supply chain management within and across companies. CRC Press. Slack, N., Brandon-Jones, A. and Johnston, R., 2013. Operations management. Stadtler, H., 2015. Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management and advanced planning(pp. 3-28). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Tayur, S., Ganeshan, R. and Magazine, M. eds., 2012.Quantitative models for supply chain management(Vol. 17). Springer Science Business Media. Yinan, Q., Tang, M. and Zhang, M., 2014. Mass customization in flat organization: The mediating role of supply chain planning and corporation coordination.Journal of Applied Research and Technology,12(2), pp.171-181.

Michelangelo and Da Vinci free essay sample

With being talented artists of the renaissance both Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci had the dream of bringing art to its original form but with different perspectives on how to portray their art, Michelangelo and Leonardo demonstrated their creations differently? Michelangelo was borne on March 6, 1475 in Caprice Italy, his full mane was Michelangelo di Lodonico Buonarroti Simoni; his father was serving briefly as a magistrate in the small town where he had recorded the birth of his second son of five which he had with his wife, Francesca Neri. They returned to Florence while Michelangelo was still an infant during his mother’s illness, which Michelangelo had to be placed with a family of stonecutters, (â€Å"Michelangelo,†2013). When it came to schooling Michelangelo was less interested in watching the painters and nearby churches and also drawing what he saw according to (Varsari, Condivi and Varchi), or maybe it could have been one of if grammar school friend, Francesco Granacci, who has introduces Michelangelo to the painter Domenico Ghirlandaio; which has made his father realized that Michelangelo was not interesting in the family financial business, so he agree to apprentice his son at the age of thirteen, (â€Å"Michelangelo,†2013). We will write a custom essay sample on Michelangelo and Da Vinci or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At the Florentine painters workshop Michelangelo was exposed to the technique of fresco, he only spend one year at the work spot when and opportunity arrived. With the recommendatation of Ghirlandaio, Michelangelo moved in to the palace of the Florentine ruler Lorenzo the Magnificent one of the power Medici family. During 1489 to1492 was one of the fertile years for Michelangelo during that time with the Medici family, (â€Å"Michelangelo,†2013). Michelangelo also study under the Beltordo di Giovanni the sculptor, who as exposed him to prominent poet’s scholars and learners of the Humanist. He obtains a special permission from the Catholic Church to study cadaver in anatomy and the exposure of corpses. Michelangelo consider his self as a painter, sculptor, architect, engineer and a poet and also as a Florentine one of the most famous artist in the Italian Renaissance time, (â€Å"Michelangelo. †2013). Michelangelo thought of himself first as a sculptor with regar ds of the calling of his superior painting, because his sculptor shares something like the divine power to â€Å"make man†, (Kleiner 2010). His self imposed and isolation, creative furies, proud independency, and his daring independency had led the Italian to speak about his dominating quality of his work in one word (terribilita), (Kleiner 2010, pg. 467). During his time he painted: The Last Judgment, The Creation of Adam and also The Sistine Chapel Ceiling. Before starting the painting Julius ll had suspended the work on his tomb, the pope had gave the bitter Michelangelo to paint the ceiling (fig. 17-1) of the Sistine Chapel during 1508. He insisted that painting was not his profession, at that moment painting was consider secondary he was focus in sculpture at that time. He faces enormous difficulties in painting the Sistine ceiling. First he had to address the ceiling dimension, heights of the pavement, (Kleiner 2010). The first part of the Sistine Chapel that Michelangelo had completed had to be redone, due to the faulty preparation of the intonaco, but yet in less than four years it took Michelangelo to produce a monumental fresco to incorporate his patron agenda, the Church doctrine and also the artist interest. Michelangelo succeed in putting together more than 300 figures in to an ultimate grand drama of a human race in to this portrait, (Kleiner 2010). The Sistine Chapel Ceiling entails the creation and record of Genesis which runs along the crowns of the vaults, from God’s Separation of the Light and Darkness, including the Darkness of Noah, so when the viewer enter the church they could walk and look up and review the history of the fall of umankind, (Kleiner 2010), and the other side appear the Hebrews prophets and pagans sibyls which foretold the coming of Christ, who appear seated in the large throne on both sides. Michelangelo places four Old Testament scenes with David, Judith, Haman, and Moses and the Brazen serpent, lesser figures also appears and the ancestor of Christ fill the triangular compartment below the window, with nudes youths who punctuates the corners of the panels, he uses shades of grays to imitate the sculpture and support the painting cornice of the entire central corridor, (Kleiner 2010). The idea of the ceiling design was to bring back the chronology of Christianity but also keeping up with the Renaissance ideas of Christian history and the conflict between evil and good and also the energy of the youth and the wisdom of age, the concept of the ceiling was outstanding and the articulation of it with thousand of details was for a super human achievement (Kleiner 2010). Michelangelo did not paint the original tradition of the Creation of Adam but instead he produces a humanistic interpretation of the momentous event, (Kleiner 2010). Here we see the confrontation between God and Adam, which Adam is still part of earth, the Lord wrap around on a cloud of drapery by his power. The Lord as ruler of the world indicates how easily the Renaissance joined the classical Christian traditions (Kleiner 2010). Under the sheltering arm of God a female figure is show, many thing is Eve, but many know is the Virgin Mary (with the Christ Child at her knee), according to the author the second identification is correct them Michelangelo had incorporated his fresco essential tenets of Christian faith, which is the belief that Adam Original sin let to sacrifice of Christ for the redemption of humankind, (Kleiner 2010). While God reaches out for the hand of Adam, the viewers could follow the motion with their eyes, from left to right, meanwhile Adam’s left harm is extended will lead the eyes back to the right, along the right of the Lord’s right arm, shoulders, and left arm to his left forefinger, who his pointed toward Christ Childs face, (Kleiner 2010). Therefore the fingertips of Adam and the Lord are off point, that’s why Michelangelo replace the architectural axes; which was found in Leonardo composition with curves and diagonals. Michelangelo in the Last Judgment here he painted Christ as the stern judge of the world, a giant who raises his arm at the world suggesting that he will destroy all creation of the universe; while the choirs of heaven his surrounding him, the trumpeting angels and the ascending figures, on the left the death awake with the assume flesh; and on the right the demons and the gargoyles mask with the burning eyes revives the demons of Romanesque tympana (fig. 1-16) who tormented the damned, (Kleiner 2010). More over the author describe Michelangelo in a terrifying vision which of the faith that awaits the sinners, that goes far beyond the gruesome images (fig. 16-41). One of the judges Saint Bartholomew who was skinned alive, which holds the flying knife and the skin, these figures are huge and violently twisted. In those days Christ wrath and Judgment Day, was also hold out of hope; a group of save souls where selected and the crowd around Christ and the others on the far right figures appears with a cross, more likely the good thief, (Kleiner 2010). In another illustration the author describe with detail the intention of Michelangelo while he was painting The Last Judgment, here he discuss how the saint in a more vivid way was suffering; the details of (the eyes, the twist of the chest). The author assumed that this new work will bring the attention of the viewers and also the beauty of the work, more than the atrocity of the nails, ropes, and chains, (Barnes, B. 1995) Leonardo was now as one of the greatest artist in history; he could claim the job title of architect, astronomer, botanist, sculptor, anatomist physiologist, geologist, and physicist, as well as military, mechanical, civil, and aeronautical engineer, (Wise, O’Leary, Patrick, 2001). Leonardo Da Vinci was born in the town of Vinci Italy near Florence in 1452. He received his training in the studio of Verecchio, daVinci move to Milan at the age of twenty-nine were he did work for Ludivico Sforza de Duke of Milan, until Milan fell to Louis XlV of France. Da Vinci in a letter to the Duke letting him know his talent, he could carry out his talent in sculpture in marble, bronze, or clay, and he also let the duke know that he could also do it in painting as well. His interest in anatomy did not begin until later in his life, these Renaissance artists were among the first to begin to examining corpses; looking at this famous painters and wondering why the interest in cadavers, (Wise, O’Leary, Patrick, 2001). Da Vinci drawing went beyond the musculoskeletal system to be able to understand the inner structure of the function of the human body, Michelangelo had dissected more than 30 cadaver for the only reason was that Pope Leo X had forbade him from performing human dissection. From dissecting cadaver Michelangelo when to study how the muscle work to produce motion, (Wise, O’Leary, Patrick, 2001). Therefore according to the authors that da Vinci contribution to the study in the system where complicated by his depiction of the animal anatomy, which he assumed to be the same as a human. However Michelangelo contribution to the anatomy and the physiology of the system are very immense; hi was the first to equate the quantity of the urine the amount of the blood and the passing through of the kidney, (Wise, O’Leary, Patrick, 2001). Leonardo and his patronage move to the French royal family where he spends his reminded of his life between Milan, Florence, Venice and France. Leonardo was one of the most prominent artist of the Renaissance who begging examining corpses, between his corpses and his painting, Leonardo created most of the wonderful painting during his time; which will be discuss as follow: The Mona Lisa, The Last Supper and also The Madonna of the Rock. The Mona Lisa is the world most famous portrait, according to Leonardo, Giorgio Vasari, Mona Lisa portrait was the wife of Francesco del Giocondo; her name was Lisa di Antonio Maria Gherardini, it was a contraction between ma domna, â€Å"my lady), (Kleiner 2010). According to the Renaissance etiquette which dictates that women should never look in to a man’s eyes; this portrait is a convincing representation of and individual, (Kleiner 2010). Leonardo Mona Lisa according to the author (page 46, fig. 17-5) sitter’s are still the subjects of the scholarly debate and the portrait is also a convincing representation of an individual, unlikely earlier portrait this one does not serve only as an icon of status but as a respected and novel woman and a serious look that makes the viewers wonders, who is Mona Lisa and what she represent in this portrait, (Kleiner 2010). The portrait of the Mona Lisa represents a woman sitting with her hands folded and not wearing jewel, while her mouth is forming a gently smile while she gaze directly to the viewers attention. The painter skills had a chiaroscuro and atmospheric perspective to his display, the painting is darker today but the colors less vivid; still reveal the artist fascination. The Mona Lisa was a prime example to Leonardo smoky sfumato, (Kleiner 2010) The painting describe by Nicholas Ge’s that in 1862 that the Russian painter has undertook and repeating Leonardo’s social and theological post Romantic age. According to the author here in the painting of the Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci, is describing the moment and the tension of the betrayal of Judas decision whether or not to leave the room, while the tension of a possible outcome of negative or positive; which depend on Judas decision, (Inessa, M. 2004). , while the act of the Eucharist took place. The figure of Judas is show that he is ready to step out with his head bend down. The author discuss about his fundamental point of the nineteenth-century Russian artistic vision of the Last Supper which are inseparable from the Orthodox notion and the Eucharistic notion as well; in which the scene of the Last Supper is a paradoxically and not central. In the Russian mind the Last Supper became a central focus and not a theological or liturgical, phenomenon, because the Russian literature and holds a mirror to his agon, nd recording his points of views in the debates and also taking sides in it, (Inessa, M. 2004). During the second half of the nineteenth century, religious themes were flourished in European art, this has influence Schleiermacher, David Friedrich Strauss, and Renan’s La Vie de Jesus (1863) as well and as posed a serious challenge to these artists. Therefore these writers has urged every artist to imbue traditional religious subjects with naturalism and to impos e religious as a meaning scenes as an everyday life, (Inessa, M. 2004). The author describe the painting of the Last Supper of a moment and between the announcement of the betrayal of Judas deciding to leave or not to leave the room, while the tension is sustained and there is a possibility of a positive or negative outcome; this is all depend on the outcome of Judas as well as Jesus, all of these responses are all possible outcomes, (Inessa, M. 2004). While Christ is looking down but not serene he is tormented, if you watch Judas leave while John no longer laying on God chest but standing at his side. Where the lights flow behind the disciples and also fall over their heads in the middle of the room. Ge achieves blackness without using a stroke of black, while his decision was not by purely technical consideration. The density and the intensity of the colors shadow of brown, taupe, auburn and mahogany which Ge employed in sculpting the others disciples, (Inessa, M. 2004). Leonardo after settling in Milan he painted the Madonna of the Rock, for the chapel of the Confraternity of the Immaculate Conception in San Fresco Grande. In this painting Leonardo uses the gesture and the pyramidal composition of the Virgin, Saint John the Baptist, Christ the Child and angels; these figures share the same lights. He uses oil painting which previously is used mostly by the Northern European, (Kleiner, 2010). Madonna of the Rock was built on Masaccio’s as an understanding and usage of chiaroscuro, which the play in the light and the dark, while modeling with the light and the shadow and the expression the emotional states, which for Leonardo the heart of the painting represent the Madonna of the Rock as a pyramidal grouping and notably in sharing the same environment, (Kleiner 2010). The groundbreaking achievement which unified the presentation of the objects in an atmospheric setting is a manifestation of Leonardo scientific curiosity regarding the invisible substance which surrounds everything. Here in the Madonna of the Rock, Leonardo describe with detail the painting; from the color of the background to the depth of each figures and the position, (Kleiner 2010). Leonardo painting, The Madonna of the Rock represents the Virgin which completes the series interlocking the gesture of her left hand reaching forward the Christ Child and her right hand resting on John’s shoulder. While the melting mood and tenderness, caressing the light enhancing the surface of the entire mood, (Kleiner, 2010). The similarities between Michelangelo, and da Vinci is the time period which both artist lived and worked. Da Vinci was twenty-three older than Michelangelo which both where active at the same time until the death of da Vinci in the year of 1959; while Michelangelo lived for another 45 years. As artists they both work in the same regions with limited supply, they both will compete for commissions, (Kroll, J. ) Therefore by the time Michelangelo became an artist da Vinci has already establish his work, and while Michelangelo work was establish da Vinci had already retired to France. During the renaissance both artist Michelangelo and da Vinci where always commissioned by the Church to create interior art base regarding Biblical stories. Da Vinci most famous work was the one called â€Å"The Last Supper†, and with Michelangelo as well his most famous painting was the â€Å"Sistine Chapel† roof which display several books from Genesis, and his second painting title â€Å"The Last Judgment†, (Kroll, J. Even thought Michelangelo is known as a sculptor da Vinci is known for his sketches and his inventions, both artists are more notable for their painting; Michelangelo and ad Vinci worked with bright and realistic compositions of characteristics of an artist during the period of the Renaissance. While ad Vince pay more attention to the fabric and the draping of his subjects w hile in heavy clothes; Michelangelo figures are often larger, (Kroll, J. ) Both painters had their differences in particular, Leonardo with his intellectual and analytical mind which he preferred painting rather than sculpting, Leonardo looked at sculpting as degrading and manual labor; while Michelangelo at the other hand regard himself as a sculptor . (Kleiner 2010). Michelangelo and da Vinci both been artist during the Renaissance had their dreams, both artist brought their painting in to a new perspective and creativity; with different aspect they both uses mannerism in their painting.

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